Metalforming

Metalforming is a process in which metal is manipulated to create a new shape. Processes used for metal forming include stamping, drawing, heading, forging, extruding, and roll forming. All modes of lubrication can be important in these applications. Hydrodynamic lubrication improves with increasing viscosity. Boundary lubrication is provided by polar additives like fatty acids and esters. And extreme pressure lubrication can be obtained with additives that chemically react with the metal surface like certain sulfurized and chlorinated materials.

Straight oils are not water extendable, although they can be cut with other oils. Soluble oils and Synthetics are all water-extendable products which provide excellent cooling and superior cleanability over straight oil products wherever they can be used. Factors to consider in choosing a metalforming lubricant include: Metal type, operation, type of tooling, application method, shipping/storage conditions, and subsequent processes.

Metal
A metal's hardness, toughness, and adhesiveness play key roles in it's drawability. Other factors include the blank thickness, surface finish and cleanliness of the part or sheet.

Operation
The speed of operation and severity of metal flow are the major factors in determining the type and level of lubrication for a given application. Also, if progressive dies are used, carry-through of the fluid, based on its viscosity and clingability may be important.

Tooling
Common tool materials include tool steel, carbide and coated carbide. In the case of carbide, inhibitors may be needed to prevent excessive leaching of the cobalt binder.

Application
The lubricant can be applied by spray, dip, swab, flow or roller coat. The desired method will be a factor in choosing the proper viscosity, volatility, and type of fluid.

Conditions
Storage and shipping conditions will determine the degree of corrosion protection required for the lubricant if it remains on the part. Also, long storage periods may indicate the need for additives to prevent oxidation of the film.

Next Process
Subsequent processes or coatings will often dictate the required compatibility or cleanability of the metalforming lubricant. This is especially true if the part will be coated with paint or an adhesive.


Process Fluids Incorporated offers a full line of technically advanced products. Please review the appropriate product data sheet for specific use recommendations.

Solutions 
2100-FInverse soluble/extreme pressure synthetic for ferrous alloys.
2200Inverse soluble/extreme pressure heavy duty synthetic for ferrous alloys.
Emulsions 
2569Heavy duty extreme pressure/boundary soluble.
2580Chlorine free, heavy duty soluble.
2799Heavy duty synthetic emulsion for drawing and stamping.
2950Heavy duty extreme pressure emulsifiable oil.
Straight Oils 
2300Sulfur/Chlorine free drawing and stamping oil.
2395Heavy duty extreme pressure drawing and stamping oil.
2600Light duty oil with excellent corrosion protection.
2800Light duty stamping fluid.
2900Heavy duty washable drawing oil.

Process Fluids also offers an extensive range of cleaners, corrosion preventives, machining & grinding fluids, and quenching fluids. Please consult your local representative for additional information.